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WELCOME TO SAINT PETERSBURG IN RUSSIA

Saint Petersburg was founded in 1703 by Peter The Great. It is situated on the river Neva
in the north-west of Russia.There are many places of interests: museums, architecture, scientific and cultural centers.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) seminars in "House of Scientists" every month

Address: Dvortsovaya, 26, Saint Petersburg, Russia 191186
Tel. 7-812-3158796   Fax. 7-812-3158814

WHAT IS EMC ?

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - The ability of a device or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing intorable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that environment.
Electromagnetic disturbance (noise)-Any electromagnetic phenomenon which may degrade the performance of a device or system.
Immunity - The ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation in the presence of electromagnetic disturbance.
There is no EMC of equipment if a noise is too high or equipment immunity is too low. It is possible malfunction of electronic (control, navigation, telecommunication) equipment and terrible catastrophe
European Directive 89/336/EEC went into effect in January 1996. Now it is impossible to sale electrical and electronic equipment in Europe without certificate of compliance with EMC standards. There is EMC certification in Russia too. Competent body can give certificate on the base of test report.
All equipment must be tested in accredited laboratory. Immunity tests are intended to check the operation of equipment under the influence of electromagnetic disturbances (noise). Emission tests are intendent to measure of electromagnetic noise generated by equipment.

RUSSIAN EMC STANDARDS

EMC certification is based on norms "Rules of certification of Technical Appliances to Meet the Demands of Electromagnetic Compatibility, and Accreditation of Testing Laboratories (or Centers) for Tests on Electromagnetic Compatibility. Now more than 130 EMC standards (GOSTs) are published in Russia. They set EMC requirement for products, testing, measurements and rules of EMC. Many standards are under consideration. Norms and requirementsare based upon the work of the CISPR, IEC and Russian TC EMC. Russian standards will be harmonized with EMC European Norms. The following main EMC standards have become mandatory throughout Russia:

Some basic immunity standards

GOST 30804.4.2, IEC 61000-4-2
Electrostatic discharge. Immunity testing.
This disturbance is generated by discharge of static electricity. Test voltage 2; 4; 6; 8 kV Rise time of current 0.7-1 ns, Amplitude - 7.5; 15; 22.5; 30 A, Decay of current to 4; 8; 12; 16 A after 30 ns and to 2; 4; 6; 8 A after 60 ns. Discharge is applied to every point of equipment under test and to the ground plane.

GOST 30804.4.3, IEC 61000-4-3
Radiated electromagnetic field test.
Electromagnetic field is generated by radio transmitters or other devices emitting EM energy. Test field strength 1; 3; 10 V/m. Frequency 80 - 2000 MHz. Amplitude modulation 30% (80%), frequency 1 kHz. Tests in strip line, TEM cell.

GOST IEC 61000-4-4
Fast transient bursts test.
This disturbance is generated by switching of inductive loads, relay contacts. Voltage amplitude 0.5; 1; 2; 4 kV. Rise time 5 ns, duration -50 ns. Repetition frequency 5 kHz. Duration of a burst 15 ms. Burst period 300 ns Polarity - positive and negative. The test applies to power supply lines, to control and signal lines.

GOST R 51317.4.5-99, IEC 61000-4-5
Voltage - current surge test.
This disturbance is generated by switching phenomena, faults in the power network and lightning strokes. Voltage amplitude 0.5; 1; 2; 4 kV. Rise time 1 us, duration -50 us. Current amplitude 0.25; 0.5; 1; 2 kA. Polarity - positive and negative. The test applies to power supply lines, to control and signal lines.

GOST R 50648, IEC 61000-4-8
Power frequency magnetic field test.
Origin of magnetic field is power frequency currents in conductors. Continuos field 1; 3; 10; 30; 100 A/m. Burst 10; 30; 100; 300; 1000 A/m up to 3 s.

GOST 30804.4.11, IEC 61000-4-11
Voltage dips and short supply interruptions.
Immunity requirements. A voltage dip may be caused by switching operations and by faults. Amplitude of test voltage dip: 30% Amplitude of interruption: 100% Duration of test disturbance 10 ms - 5 s for different severity test levels.

GOST IEC 61000-4-13
Low frequency harmonics in supply networks.
Immunity testing. Harmonics are generated in electrical networks by thyristor rectifiers and other power equipment. Harmonics up to 20 kHz, Total distortion factor - 10%.

Emission standards.

Many standards and norms set emission levels for industrial, medical, scientific equipment, for different electrical equipment and telecommunication apparatus, computers and electrical transport.

Product and other standards

Standards for radioapparatus. These standards set requirements for transmitter and receiver characteristics, procedures of there measurements and testing. There are EMC standards for different products such as: computers, control equipment, automobile equipment, video tape recorders, rail road equipment, nuclear power plant equipment etc. There are EMC requirement for some transistors and microwave devices, protection components. Many documents help manufactures to make products in compliance with EMC requirements. They give information about EM environment, noise generation and methods of noise protection and suppression.


EMC TESTING

Only accredited laboratories can issue test report for EMC certification. Gosstandart accredits laboratories if there are fulfilled the following conditions: - The availability of necessary test and measuring equipment. - Technical competence of personal. - Independence in relation to manufacturer and customer. Manufacturer submit to accredited laboratory technical documentation and samples of products. The laboratory carries out tests in accordance with Russian immunity and emission standards. Test report may be sent to SC EMC by test laboratory to obtain certificate of compliance with EMC standards.

Standards Tests
GOST 30804.4.2, IEC 61000-4-2
GOST 30804.4.3, IEC 61000-4-3
GOST 30804.4.4, IEC 61000-4-4
GOST 30804.4.5, IEC 61000-4-5
GOST 30804.4.6, IEC 61000-4-6
GOST Ð 50648, IEC 61000-4-8
GOST Ð 50649, IEC 61000-4-9
GOST Ð 50652, IEC 61000-4-10
GOST 30804.4.11, IEC 61000-4-11
GOST 30804.4.12, IEC 61000-4-12
GOST 30804.4.13, IEC 61000-4-13
GOST 30804.4.14, IEC 61000-4-14
GOST 30804.4.16, IEC 61000-4-16
GOST 30804.4.17, IEC 61000-4-17
GOST 30804.4.28, IEC 61000-4-28
GOST 32137, GOST 33991
GOST 30804.3.2, IEC 61000-3-2
GOST 30804.3.3, IEC 61000-3-3
GOST 30805.11, CISPR 11
GOST 30805.16, CISPR 16
GOST 30805.22, CISPR 22 		.ESD . . Bursts . .
EMF . MF . .

Immunity testing

Please look at some frames from developed computer animation about EMC testing:
Voltage dips and short supply interruptions.
Low frequency harmonics.
Electrostatic discharge.
Fast transient bursts.
Voltage surge.
Power frequency magnetic field.
Radiated electromagnetic field test.
Performance criteria for equipment under immunity test:
A - normal performance within specified limits. B - temporary degradation or loss of function or performance which is selfrecoverable. C - temporary degradation or loss of function or performance which requires operator intervation or system reset. D - damage of equipment.

EMC PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

There are institutes, universities and companies in Saint-Petersburg in the arias of EMC TESTING, DESIGN, RESEARCH, EDUCATION: Testing under voltage and frequency variation, voltage drop, harmonics, ESD, surges, bursts, lightning voltage and current, magnetic and electromagnetic field, EMP, conducted and radiated emissions. EMC certification in Russia. Optimization of product EMC design. Prediction of EMC in systems. Theoretical and experimental research of EM environment. Computer analysis and measurements of induced voltages in cable runs. Research of EM coupling. EMP, lightning phenomena. EMC course.

There is production of the following simulators in Saint-Petersburg:

Immunity testing Standards Test equipment
ESD
Animation		 GOST 30804.4.2, IEC 61000-4-2 ESR-8000K, ESR-15000
Bursts GOST 30804.4.4, IEC 61000-4-4 IPP-2000, IPP-4000, EK
Surges GOST R 51317.4.5-99, IEC 61000-4-5 IIP-2000, IIP-4000, ÅÊ, IIP-10000
Voltages 0.15-80 MHz GOST 30804.4.6, IEC 61000-4-6 USR 61000-4-6C, USR 61000-4-6T
Magnetic field 50 Hz GOST R 50648, IEC 61000-4-8 IMPPCH-300, IMPPCH-1000
Pulse magnetic field GOST R 50649, IEC 61000-4-9 IIP-2000, IIP-4000 with a coil IK-1
Damp oscillotary magnetic field GOST R 50652, IEC 61000-4-10 IIP-2500 with a coil IK-1
Voltage drop and overvoltage GOST R 51317.4.11-99, IEC 61000-4-11 IPNP-8, IPNP-16
Damp oscillotary voltage GOST R 51317.4.12-99, IEC 61000-4-12 IIP-2500, IIP-2500U, IIP-4000KZP
Harmonics GOST 30804.4.13, IEC 61000-4-13 IGN-5
Voltages 0-150 kHz GOST R 51317.4.16-99, IEC 61000-4-16 IKP61000-4-16
Ground currents GOST 32137, p.5.2.13, 5.2.14 IKST-200, IIPT-200
Pulses for car equipment tests GOST 33991 IIP-300, IPP-200, IPN-5

ESR-8000K - ESD SIMULATOR according to IEC 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-2. Contact and air discharge. Voltage 2, 4, 6, 8 kV; Discharge capacitance / Resistance 150 pF / 330 Ohm

IPP-4000 - BURSTS SIMULATOR according to IEC 61000-4-4, EN 61000-4-4. Voltage amplitude 250; 500; 1000; 2000; 4000 V. Burst length / Period 15 / 300 ms.Pulse risetime / Duration 5 / 50 ns, Repetition time of pulses 5 kHz.

IIP-4000 - SURGE SIMULATOR according to IEC 61000-4-5, EN 61000-4-5. Voltage amplitude 500; 1000; 2000; 4000 V Current amplitude 250; 500; 1000; 2000 A. Pulse risetime / Width - 1 / 50 us.

IPNP-8 - VOLTAGE DIP SIMULATOR according to EN 61000-4-11 Complete power interruption 100%. Voltage dip 5 - 60 % DIP cycle / Repetition time 0,5 - 450 / 50-45000 cycles

Best Wishes!

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Contact information
Alexander Worshevsky ; E-mail : a.a.worshevsky@ieee.org
Last update: 2021
News Equipment EMC test Standards Education Web sites Contacts